Australia has many different driving conditions. From sandy shorelines and slippery paths to steep mountain trails, dirt roads and isolated outback paths, every driving environment poses unique challenges for 4x4 operators. Being equipped with the right tyres and knowing how to modify your driving habits can enhance traction, control and safety while driving a 4-wheel drive.
If you are planning a weekend trip on unsealed roads or regularly driving on tough roads in Australia, it is important to know how to make sure that your 4x4 is safe to drive. Here are some useful tips for 4-wheel driving and selecting the appropriate tyres for this type of driving.
Understand the Terrain Before You Drive
If you plan on driving a 4WD vehicle safely, you should know the surface of the road and the different types of terrain it presents. Different terrains require different approaches, and conditions can change quickly.
Before travelling, check the weather, track conditions and any local access restrictions regarding roads. A dry dirt road can become slippery mud after rain, while water can make some remote tracks impassable.
Another essential aspect which should be noted before 4WD driving is the driver's knowledge of his or her vehicle and its capabilities. Understanding how the Four Wheel Drive, low-range gearing and traction control systems work will definitely help the driver on the road.
4WD Driving Tips for Sand
Many Australian beaches, coastal trails, and desert areas have soft sand. If you accelerate too much or have the wrong tire pressure, the sand can quickly get into the tire surface.
Lowering the tire pressure can optimize the tire footprint on soft sand surfaces. Nonetheless, the appropriate pressure of the tire depends on the vehicle, tire specifications, weight carried, and driving conditions.
When driving on soft sand, it is important to keep a steady momentum. Avoid accelerating quickly, braking, or turning suddenly, as this can make the situation worse. If your car is losing speed, avoid spinning the wheels since it will just sink further into the sand.
A tyre pressure gauge and portable compressor can be useful additions to your sand driving equipment.
Handling Muddy Terrain
Mud can decrease traction and compromise the steering and braking process. Mud-terrain tyres offer specific tread patterns, which help clear away the mud and enhance traction while negotiating muddy conditions.
Before entering mud, always assess the state of the mud and its depth. Proceed slowly and avoid aggressive driving. Mud may inhibit your ability to control your vehicle and may even lead to getting stuck.
If the conditions are too tough or the terrain is hazardous, do not make the mistake of thinking that navigating your 4WD through muddy areas is acceptable.
Driving on Rocky Tracks
Tyres, suspension, and undercarriage of vehicles may be damaged by rocks on the road. The harsh terrain, comprised of large and sharp rocks, may not be suitable for the tyres, which can easily get punctures or cuts, especially when already in bad condition.
Stay calm and slow down. Use controlled throttle to move over obstacles rather than speed up using the speed already attained.
Always look at the sidewalls of the tyre, since they may be the most at risk of having cuts or punctures. Hence, check your tyres after driving through the rocky stretch of the road.
Tips for Gravel and Dirt Roads
Gravel roads seem to be simple; however, loose stones can reduce grip on the road and cause longer stopping distances. Excessive speed can also cause the vehicle to skid while turning or braking.
Adjust the speed according to road conditions and maintain an additional distance from other vehicles. Avoid sudden maneuvers like steering and braking.
It is possible for gravel to get thrown around by passing cars; thus, maintaining a distance from other vehicles can minimize the chances of damage to your vehicle due to stones.
Choosing the Right 4WD Tyres
When choosing tyres for your 4WD, the right specifications will depend on your usage and the area in which you are operating the vehicle.
Highway Terrain tyres are designed for road users who mostly drive on smooth paved roads, but may also encounter gravel or rough terrain occasionally.
The All-Terrain tyres feature a blend of both. These types of tyres are most preferred by people who use their 4WDs for daily use but also go on rare occasions on gravel or off-road.
Mud-Terrain tyres are intended specifically for extreme usage and have a more sophisticated tread design than HT or AT tyres.
It is recommended to select tyres according to your driving needs and not simply by using the most rugged tread possible.
Conclusion
Driving a four-wheel drive across Australia's different landscapes needs more than just switching to four-wheel drive. The tyres, tyre pressure, vehicle preparation and driving style are also very important.